Brain

New Project to Investigate Progressive PAC Damage

Dr. Coats recently received NSF funding to investigate progresssive damage at the brain-skull interface. The study involves high-rate testing and imaging of repeated loading in the subarachnoid trabeculae and blood vessels. Constituitve formulations of damage progression will be created and integrated into our multi-scale computational framework to predict progresssion of brain strain during repeated head impact. The project is in collaboration with Ken Monson (University of Utah) and Michele Moreno (University of Rome Tor Vergata).

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Acoustic Warnings Reduce Head Trauma

Congratulations to Mohammad Homayounpour, PhD Graduate of Dr. Andrew Merryweather’s Ergonomics and Safety group on his publication Cervical muscle activation characteristic and head kinematics in males and females following acoustic warnings and impulsive head forces published in Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Sex, head and neck posture, and cervical muscle preparation are contributing factors in the severity of head and neck injuries. However, it is unknown how these factors modulate the head kinematics. In this study, twenty-four (16 male and 8 female) participants experienced 50 impulsive forces to their heads with and without an acoustic warning. Both sex and warning type […]

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In Situ Mechanics of the Subarachnoid Space

Congratulations to PhD Graduate Nik Benko on his publication Mechanical characterization of the human pia-arachnoid complex published in the Journal of Mechanical Behavior and Biomedical Materials. In this study, Nik quantified the normal traction modulus of the pia-arachnoid complex (PaC) in five post-mortem human subjects using hydrostatic fluid pressurization in combination with optical coherence tomography. This study is the first to characterize the mechanics of the human pia-arachnoid complex and quantify material properties in situ. Data from the study suggest implementing a heterogeneous model of the brain-skull interface in computational models of TBI may lead to more realistic injury prediction. The full article can be found here: Benko N, Luke […]

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Impact Angle and Fall Height Effect Skull Fracture Patterns

Congratulations to Jiawei Yan on his recent publication The effect of impact angle and fall height on skujl fracture patterns in infants published in the Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. The objectives of this research were to utilize a newly developed linear elastic fracture mechanics finite element model of infant skull fracture to investigate the effect of impact angle and fall height on the predictions of skull fracture patterns in infants. Nine impact angles of right parietal bone impacts were simulated from three different heights onto a rigid plate. Impact angle significantly affected the fracture initiation site and orientation. Fall height significantly affected the fracture […]

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Congratulations Nik Benko!

Nik Benko successfully defended his Ph.D. dissertation in Mechanical Engineering in front of his graduate committee as well as family and friends on zoom.  His dissertation, Mechanical Characterization of the Brain-Skull Interface with Applications to Predictions of Axonal Injury, takes the first step in identifying morphological and mechanical differences in the pia-arachnoid complex of the brain to help better understand and model traumatic brain injury (TBI). Congratulations on all your hard work! Best of luck Nik!

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Nik Benko levels up

Congratulations to Nik Benko for successfully completing his dissertation proposal.  Nik’s proposal focused on characterizing the pia arachnoid complex (PAC) of the human brain, computational techniques to further improve existing finite element models of the brain-skull interface, and evaluate a novel football smart helmet. Nik performed admirably and is one step closer to graduation.

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New Funding to Mitigate Risk of Concussion

The Smart and Connected Health Program through the National Science Foundation recently awarded our team (in collaboration with several others) a grant titled Reducing Traumatic Brain Injury Risk with Smart Collision Detection and Mitigation. The grant began September 1, 2016 and will be focused on ,developing technology to better sense head impact information (velocity, direction), alert users of impending impact, position protective gear to best mitigate the impact, and send impact data to medical providers. The technology will be initially designed for integration into a helmet system to test capabilities in a sports setting, but ultimately the system will be versatile enough […]

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PAC Research Highlighted on KSL

KSL recently aired a news story on our research of the arachnoid trabeculae in mild traumatic brain injury. Through optical coherence tomography imaging and finite element modeling, we’ve shown that these microstructures dictate force distribution from the skull to the brain. By implementing the natural variability of the structures into our models, we’ve been able to improve predictions of extra-axial hemorrhage to 96% accuracy. Current efforts are being made to determine what leads to damage of these structures, and what effects damage could have on brain mechanics during secondary impacts. The KSL news video can be found here:  Brain Tethers May […]

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Smart Helmet Research on KSL

A collaboration between biomechanics, robotics, biology, and electrical engineering has led to the proposed development of a smart helmet to reduce risk of concussion. The helmet would offer active (instead of passive) impact protection and offer a unique warning system that could reduce head angular accelerations from impact. Ed Yeates and KSL recently spotlighted the project. Funding for the proposal is currently being sought from the Smart and Connected Health program jointly run by NIH and NSF. Collaborators on the project are Mark Minor (Mechanical Engineering), Andrew Merryweather (Mechanical Engineering), David Carrier (Biology), David Schurig (Electrical Engineering), Neal Patwari (Electrical Engineering), and Colby […]

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New Publication on Modeling the PAC

Congratulations to Greg Scott for getting his final publication accepted into Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, one of the premiere modeling journals in our field. The whopping 19-page journal publication titled Utilizing multiple scale models to improve predictions of extra-axial hemorrhage in the immature piglet is an outstanding effort that describes the development and validation of multiple scale models to improve predictions of subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The work builds upon his previous publication characterizing the distribution and variability of the subarachnoid microstructures within a brain and across several brains.  The author submitted manuscript will be posted shortly in the Publications section […]

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